![12 rules for life audiobook chapter times 12 rules for life audiobook chapter times](https://present5.com/presentation/185bb6de70f4c7c369dc129230daf241/image-46.jpg)
From Henrietta's cells they were able to clone cells which lead to advances that made cloning whole animals, isolating stem cells, and in vitro fertilization possible.
![12 rules for life audiobook chapter times 12 rules for life audiobook chapter times](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/LhvuQmdvcVE/hqdefault.jpg)
Soon after that they standardized the field of tissue culture and made the culture media, the equipment and the cells available to any scientist.
![12 rules for life audiobook chapter times 12 rules for life audiobook chapter times](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/41Lp08-lwdL.jpg)
Using HeLa scientists found effective ways of freezing cells which opened the doors for so many things from shipping overseas to observing different cell stages. They were used to find how viruses act and how they reprogram cells, which pretty much launched the field of virology. Ironically most of those techs were black women and they proved the vaccine worked during the same time that the Tuskegee syphilis studies were going on. With help from all of the scientists and technicians they proved that the polio vaccine worked. After that William Scherer developed a factory of HeLa cells at Tuskegee Institute. Gey improved his shipping methods and ended up finding a way to ship cells through the mail, the first time it was ever successfully done. HeLa cells grew at an intense rate and could grow in suspension of a culture medium so they were perfect for the job. They needed cells to do this, HeLa cells. Salk needed to inoculate 2 million children and the NFIP would test their blood to see if they were immune, but to do that millions of neutralization tests would needed to be done.
12 rules for life audiobook chapter times trial#
In fact, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who was paralyzed by polio himself, established The National Foundation for Infantile Parakysis (NFIP) in order to conduct the largest field trial ever to test the polio vaccine. At this time polio was an epidemic and was spreading quickly. A mass production of cells was needed in order to test the polio vaccine made by Jonas Salk. Not long after Henrietta died plans for a HeLa factory began.